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GRC Cloud IAM MITRE ATT&CK Incident Response

Cybersecurity Capstone

A team engagement built around Global Synergy Solutions (GSS), a fictional organization that handled protected health information, responding to a simulated breach. Served as the team's GRC Analyst.

Course CYBR 4350 · Cybersecurity Capstone
Role GRC Analyst
Focus Compliance & Cloud IAM Analysis

Team Engagement

In Collaboration With

Each teammate covered a different workstream. The rest of this page focuses on my individual role and contributions as GRC Analyst.

Communications Lead

Titus Cassimatis

Threat Analyst

Noel Hackett

Cloud & Identity Lead

Mary Helfer

Forensics Lead

Fares Joyner

Incident Commander

Victor Teinert

GRC Analyst

Eduardo Sanchez

The Scenario

Global Synergy Solutions (GSS)

GSS, a fictional organization handling protected health information, experienced a simulated breach. The team investigated and responded, with the work culminating in a final published deliverable: the Cybersecurity Resilience Guide.

As GRC Analyst, my focus was on the legal and regulatory side of the response and on the IAM misconfigurations exposed across AWS and Azure during the investigation.

What the Role Looked Like

The GRC Workstream in Practice

Regulatory Assessment

Legal & Regulatory Obligations

Assessed the incident against applicable data protection and breach notification laws, including GDPR and CCPA style privacy obligations and HIPAA-relevant duties given GSS handled PHI. Evaluated whether the team's response actions satisfied those obligations or fell short.

Compliance Gap Analysis

Governance & Policy Fixes

Identified compliance gaps between how GSS actually responded and what its legal and regulatory duties required. Proposed policy and governance fixes to close them.

Cloud IAM Analysis

AWS & Azure Misconfigurations

Reviewed IAM policies, AWS credential reports, CloudTrail logs, Azure RBAC assignments, and Azure Activity Logs to identify findings: wildcard permissions, users without MFA, unrotated access keys, overprivileged service principals, and orphaned or persistence role assignments created inside the attack window.

Adversary Mapping

MITRE ATT&CK (Cloud)

Mapped attacker behavior and misconfigurations to cloud ATT&CK techniques: permission discovery, privilege escalation via AssumeRole, persistence through new account and role creation, and data exfiltration from cloud storage. Used the mapping to structure incident analysis and prioritize remediation.

AI-Assisted, Verified

Disciplined Use of AI Tools

Used AI tools during the IAM audit with disciplined cross-verification against official AWS and Azure documentation, given how hallucination-prone cloud IAM analysis can be.

Deliverables

Lessons Learned & Resilience Guide

Contributed to the team's Lessons Learned analysis and Security Recommendations report, translating findings into actionable, framework-aligned recommendations. Contributed to the compliance and governance sections of the team's final published deliverable, the Cybersecurity Resilience Guide.

The Connection

Technical Findings, Regulatory Conclusions

The compliance assessment and the IAM analysis were not separate tracks. Technical findings from the cloud audit fed directly into the legal and regulatory risk conclusions, and those conclusions in turn shaped the policy and governance fixes proposed to close the compliance gaps.

Mapping the same findings to MITRE ATT&CK cloud techniques kept the technical and regulatory work anchored to a common reference, so incident analysis and remediation prioritization stayed aligned across the team's workstreams.

Tools & Techniques

How the Analysis Got Done

Wireshark (packet analysis)
jq (JSON evidence filtering)
AWS IAM
AWS Credential Reports
CloudTrail Log Analysis
Azure RBAC / Entra Concepts
Azure Activity Logs
MITRE ATT&CK (Cloud)

Standards & Frameworks

What the Work Was Anchored To

Findings and recommendations were mapped to recognized frameworks.

NIST SP 800-61r2 (Incident Handling)
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF)
NIST AI Risk Management Framework
ISO/IEC 27001
CIS Controls
MITRE ATT&CK
MITRE ATLAS
OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications
GDPR & CCPA (privacy obligations)
HIPAA-style PHI Obligations
Breach Notification Law Concepts

Skills Developed

What I Took Away From the Engagement

Translating technical incident findings into compliance and legal risk language a non-technical stakeholder can act on.
Structured evidence analysis using command-line tools (jq, Wireshark) against real-shaped IAM policies, credential reports, and cloud activity logs.
Framework-based gap analysis and control mapping against NIST CSF, ISO 27001, CIS Controls, and MITRE ATT&CK.
Cross-verifying AI-assisted analysis against authoritative AWS and Azure documentation rather than accepting output at face value, especially in a domain where hallucinations are common.
Cross-functional collaboration on a multi-workstream incident response engagement, feeding GRC context into technical decisions and pulling technical evidence into governance conclusions.